Settings Breakdown
Depth of field is razor-thin at macro distances. f/8 is a good start; f/11-16 provides more depth but beware diffraction softening at very small apertures.
Base ISO on tripod for maximum quality. Field handheld may need ISO 400-800 for adequate shutter speed. Flash lets you keep ISO low handheld.
Movement is magnified at high magnification. Use fast shutter for handheld (1/200s+) or rely on flash to freeze motion. Tripod allows any speed.
Manual focus with focus rail for precision. At 1:1, AF struggles. Focus by moving the camera (or rail) rather than turning the focus ring.
Ring flash provides shadowless even light. Twin flash allows directional control. Either enables sharp handheld shots with small apertures.
Any movement is magnified at macro scale. Sturdy tripod and focusing rail are essential for controlled work. For field work, flash freezes handheld motion.
Pro Tips
Focus Stack
Take multiple shots focused at different depths and combine in software (Photoshop, Helicon Focus). Essential for front-to-back sharpness at high magnification.
Move Camera, Not Focus Ring
At macro distances, turning the focus ring changes magnification and framing. Move the entire camera forward/backward to focus instead.
Work Early Morning
Insects are slower when cold. Early morning dew adds visual interest and subjects are easier to approach. Best time for field macro.
Use a Plamp
A plant clamp holds flowers and stems still in wind. Essential for outdoor macro work. Clip to tripod leg, hold subject steady.
Watch Your Background
Even blurred, backgrounds affect mood. Position to get clean backgrounds — sky, dark shade, complementary colors. Background clutter distracts.
Consider Extension Tubes
Cheaper than macro lenses, extension tubes increase magnification of regular lenses. Quality varies, but they're a great entry point to macro.