Landscape Photography

Landscape

Capture sweeping vistas with maximum sharpness and detail from foreground to horizon.

Mode Av / A
Aperture f/8–11
ISO 100
Focus 1/3 into scene
Metering Matrix
Stabilization Tripod
Camera Settings

Settings Breakdown

Aperture
f/8 – f/11

The sweet spot for most lenses. f/8-11 provides excellent sharpness across the frame while maintaining deep depth of field from near to far.

Avoid f/16+: Diffraction softens images at very narrow apertures. f/11 is usually the sharpest balance.
ISO
100 (Base)

Always use base ISO for landscapes. With a tripod, you can use any shutter speed needed. Maximum image quality and dynamic range come from lowest ISO.

Handheld: Raise ISO only if shutter drops below safe handheld speeds (1/focal length).
Focus Point
1/3 Into Scene

Focus approximately 1/3 into the scene (hyperfocal distance concept). This maximizes sharpness from foreground elements to distant mountains.

Alternative: Use a depth of field calculator app to find exact hyperfocal distance for your lens/aperture combo.
Metering
Matrix / Evaluative

Matrix metering balances exposure across the entire scene — ideal for landscapes with varied brightness. It handles most situations well.

High contrast: Bracket exposures (-2, 0, +2 EV) for HDR blending when dynamic range exceeds sensor capability.
Stabilization
Tripod + Remote

A sturdy tripod is essential for sharp landscapes. Use a remote release or 2-second timer to eliminate camera shake from pressing the shutter.

Mirror lock-up: On DSLRs, enable mirror lock-up to prevent vibration from mirror slap during exposure.
Filters
CPL + GND

Circular polarizer cuts reflections and boosts color saturation. Graduated ND filters balance bright skies with darker foregrounds.

CPL rotation: Rotate polarizer while looking through viewfinder until reflections disappear and sky darkens.
Techniques

Pro Tips

1

Foreground Interest

Include compelling foreground elements — rocks, flowers, patterns. They create depth and lead the viewer's eye into the scene toward the background.

2

Level Your Horizon

Nothing ruins a landscape faster than a tilted horizon. Use your camera's built-in level or gridlines. Fix in post if needed, but get it right in-camera.

3

Shoot RAW

Landscapes often have extreme dynamic range. RAW files capture more highlight and shadow detail, giving you maximum flexibility in post-processing.

4

Wait for the Light

Great light transforms ordinary scenes. Arrive early, stay late. The 30 minutes around sunrise/sunset often deliver dramatically better results than midday.

5

Rule of Thirds for Horizon

Place the horizon on the upper or lower third line, not dead center. Emphasize sky or foreground depending on which is more interesting.

6

Focus Stack if Needed

For extreme depth (macro foreground to infinity), take multiple shots focused at different distances and blend in post for front-to-back sharpness.

Quick Reference Summary

Mode Av / A
Aperture f/8–11
ISO 100
Focus 1/3 in
Metering Matrix
Support Tripod