Landscape Photography

Blue Hour

The magical twilight period when the sky turns deep blue and city lights create a perfect balance with the remaining natural light.

Mode Manual
Aperture f/8–11
Shutter 2–30s
ISO 100–400
Focus Manual
Support Tripod
Camera Settings

Settings Breakdown

Shutter Speed
2 – 30 seconds

Long exposures are essential during blue hour. Start around 2-4 seconds early in blue hour, extending to 20-30 seconds as darkness increases.

Water smoothing: Longer exposures (15-30s) create silky smooth water reflections in cityscapes.
Aperture
f/8 – f/11

Sharp apertures for cityscapes and landscapes. f/8-11 keeps buildings and foreground sharp while maintaining good light gathering.

Street lights: Stop down to f/14-16 if you want starburst effects from artificial lights.
ISO
100 – 400

Keep ISO low for clean images. With tripod and long exposures, there's no need for high ISO. Start at 100 and increase only if needed.

Trade-off: Higher ISO allows shorter exposures, useful if wind is moving clouds/trees and you want to freeze them.
Focus
Manual (Live View)

Autofocus struggles in low light. Switch to manual focus and use Live View with magnification to focus precisely on a distant light or building edge.

Focus and lock: Once focused, don't touch the focus ring. Tape it if needed to prevent accidental changes.
Timing
20-40 min after sunset

Blue hour occurs approximately 20-40 minutes after sunset (or before sunrise). The sweet spot is when sky brightness matches artificial light levels.

Use an app: Apps like PhotoPills or The Photographer's Ephemeris calculate exact blue hour times for your location.
Stabilization
Tripod Essential

A sturdy tripod is non-negotiable. Multi-second exposures require absolute stability. Use remote release or 2-second timer to eliminate shake.

Disable IS/VR: Turn off lens stabilization when on tripod — it can actually introduce vibration during long exposures.
Techniques

Pro Tips

1

The Balance Point

The magic moment is when sky brightness equals artificial light brightness. City lights glow warmly against cool blue skies without either overpowering.

2

Continuous Shooting

Keep shooting throughout blue hour — light changes every minute. What looks perfect on the LCD may be surpassed by the next frame as balance shifts.

3

Include Reflections

Water bodies amplify blue hour magic. Rivers, harbors, and wet streets reflect the blue sky and city lights, doubling the visual impact.

4

Scout in Daylight

Visit your location before blue hour to find the best angles and plan compositions. You won't have time to explore during the brief window.

5

Bracket Your Shots

Take multiple exposures for HDR blending. Building interiors are often much brighter than the sky — blending handles both.

6

Watch the Histogram

Your LCD will deceive you in the dark. Trust the histogram to evaluate exposure — it's the only reliable check in low light conditions.

Quick Reference Summary

Mode Manual
Aperture f/8–11
Shutter 2–30s
ISO 100–400
Focus Manual
Support Tripod